The Exhaust is usually not one of the most prioritized parts of a vehicle. Most vehicle owners tend to lean more on the engine and the body. Modifications are made with the exhaust system which proves to be very beneficial. But most of the time, the exhaust tends to be ignored.
Luckily, the exhaust systems have a propensity to be very durable considering the conditions they operate under. A good exhaust system not only carries harmful exhaust gases away from the passenger compartment, but also converts most of the harmful gases into acceptable by-products. A simple understanding of the exhaust operation by a vehicle owner may prevent permanent damage to a vehicle.
The exhaust system begins with the exhaust manifold on the engine. Hot exhaust gases flow from the manifold through the front or header pipe into a catalytic converter. The converter changes unburned hydrocarbons (fuel) and carbon monoxide into water vapor and less harmful carbon dioxide. Inside the stainless steel case of the converter, there is a ceramic honeycomb coated with a thin layer of platinum. When the exhaust gases pass through the hot converter, they are changed. Many performance cars use dual converters and dual exhaust systems to allow more exhaust gases out of the engine. From the converter, the exhaust flows through another pipe to the muffler. On most cars, the exhaust now flows out the tail pipe, but on some models, the exhaust passes through a secondary muffler called a resonator. Finally, clamps and rubber mounts called hangers support the exhaust system under the vehicle.
Strict laws on cleaner air have required vehicles to be outfitted with catalytic converters so that the gas discharged by the exhaust would be less harmful for the environment. Some vehicle exhaust gases smell like rotten eggs. This is caused by the catalytic converter as it changes the exhaust gases. Sulphur in the fuel combines with oxygen to create the smell. Unfortunately, the odor is the small price we have to pay for cleaner exhaust, but if the smell is strong, the vehicle should be checked. An engine that is using too much fuel or is running rough causes the converter to work extra hard, as it tries to convert the unburned fuel into other gases. The converter gets extremely hot under these conditions; exceeding 650 degrees C. and this soon causes converter failure.
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